Virtualenv: 缺少pipx.y，而是出现了pip-xy

问题

在virtualenv 20.0.10中，至少在创建virtualenv环境时，pip主版本文件的命名约定已更改。

在16.7.x中，在20.0.2中有pip3.7 ，它已更改为pip-3.7尽管在提供多个环境和构建的自动化模式方面，两者都仍然有pip3可能有许多使用pip${MAJOR_VERSION}模式的构建依赖项。

也许添加符号链接来遵守较早的命名约定可能会阻止许多人花费大量时间进行调试。

环境

• 作业系统：CentOS 8
• 作业系统Python：Python 3.6.8
• 用于virtualenv的python解释器是从源代码编译的Python 3.7.6。
• 系统点列表

pip list --format=columns

Package             Version
------------------- -------
appdirs             1.4.3
asn1crypto          0.24.0
cffi                1.11.5
configobj           5.0.6
cryptography        2.3
dbus-python         1.2.4
decorator           4.2.1
distlib             0.3.0
filelock            3.0.12
gpg                 1.10.0
idna                2.5
importlib-metadata  1.5.0
importlib-resources 1.3.1
iniparse            0.4
isc                 2.0
netifaces           0.10.6
pciutils            2.3.6
perf                0.1
pip                 9.0.3
ply                 3.9
pycparser           2.14
pygobject           3.28.3
pyOpenSSL           18.0.0
pyparsing           2.1.10
python-dateutil     2.6.1
python-dmidecode    3.12.2
python-linux-procfs 0.6
pyudev              0.21.0
rhnlib              2.8.6
rpm                 4.14.2
schedutils          0.6
selinux             2.9
sepolicy            1.1
setools             4.2.2
setuptools          39.2.0
six                 1.11.0
slip                0.6.4
slip.dbus           0.6.4
syspurpose          1.25.17
zipp                3.1.0

复制

cd /opt
pip install virtualenv==20.0.10

pip list --format=columns | grep virtualenv
virtualenv          20.0.10

virtualenv --python=/opt/python_virtualenv/versions/3.7.6/bin/python3.7 venv_20.0.10

ls -al /opt/venv_20.0.10/bin | grep pip
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  233 Mar 15 14:08 pip
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  233 Mar 15 14:08 pip3
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  233 Mar 15 14:08 pip-3.7

pip uninstall virtualenv
pip install virtualenv==16.7.10
virtualenv --python=/opt/python_virtualenv/versions/3.7.6/bin/python3.7 venv_16.7.10

ls -al /opt/venv_16.7.10/bin | grep pip
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root      236 Mar 15 14:10 pip
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root      236 Mar 15 14:10 pip3
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root      236 Mar 15 14:10 pip3.7

ls -al /opt/venv_20.0.10/bin
total 68
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Mar 15 14:08 .
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 Mar 15 14:08 ..
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2206 Mar 15 14:08 activate
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1425 Mar 15 14:08 activate.csh
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3056 Mar 15 14:08 activate.fish
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1751 Mar 15 14:08 activate.ps1
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1199 Mar 15 14:08 activate_this.py
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1147 Mar 15 14:08 activate.xsh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  242 Mar 15 14:08 easy_install
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  242 Mar 15 14:08 easy_install3
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  242 Mar 15 14:08 easy_install-3.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  233 Mar 15 14:08 pip
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  233 Mar 15 14:08 pip3
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  233 Mar 15 14:08 pip-3.7
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root   51 Mar 15 14:08 python -> /opt/python_virtualenv/versions/3.7.6/bin/python3.7
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    6 Mar 15 14:08 python3 -> python
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root    6 Mar 15 14:08 python3.7 -> python
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  220 Mar 15 14:08 wheel
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  220 Mar 15 14:08 wheel3
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  220 Mar 15 14:08 wheel-3.7


ls -al /opt/venv_16.7.10/bin
total 15360
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root     4096 Mar 15 14:10 .
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root     4096 Mar 15 14:10 ..
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     2206 Mar 15 14:10 activate
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     1425 Mar 15 14:10 activate.csh
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     3090 Mar 15 14:10 activate.fish
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     1751 Mar 15 14:10 activate.ps1
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     1517 Mar 15 14:10 activate_this.py
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root     1147 Mar 15 14:10 activate.xsh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root      245 Mar 15 14:10 easy_install
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root      245 Mar 15 14:10 easy_install-3.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root      236 Mar 15 14:10 pip
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root      236 Mar 15 14:10 pip3
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root      236 Mar 15 14:10 pip3.7
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root        9 Mar 15 14:10 python -> python3.7
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root        9 Mar 15 14:10 python3 -> python3.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 15664944 Mar 15 14:10 python3.7
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root     2335 Mar 15 14:10 python-config
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root      223 Mar 15 14:10 wheel