我无法使用 fetch_california_housing() 下载示例数据集。 看起来证书可能已过期?
print('scikit-learn 版本是 {}.'.format(sklearn.__version__))
从 sklearn.datasets 导入 fetch_california_housing
住房 = fetch_california_housing()
Downloading Cal. housing from https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/5976036 to /Users/test/scikit_learn_data
The scikit-learn version is 0.19.1.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
SSLError Traceback (most recent call last)
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py in do_open(self, http_class, req, **http_conn_args)
1317 h.request(req.get_method(), req.selector, req.data, headers,
-> 1318 encode_chunked=req.has_header('Transfer-encoding'))
1319 except OSError as err: # timeout error
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py in request(self, method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)
1238 """Send a complete request to the server."""
-> 1239 self._send_request(method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)
1240
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py in _send_request(self, method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)
1284 body = _encode(body, 'body')
-> 1285 self.endheaders(body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
1286
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py in endheaders(self, message_body, encode_chunked)
1233 raise CannotSendHeader()
-> 1234 self._send_output(message_body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
1235
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py in _send_output(self, message_body, encode_chunked)
1025 del self._buffer[:]
-> 1026 self.send(msg)
1027
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py in send(self, data)
963 if self.auto_open:
--> 964 self.connect()
965 else:
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/http/client.py in connect(self)
1399 self.sock = self._context.wrap_socket(self.sock,
-> 1400 server_hostname=server_hostname)
1401 if not self._context.check_hostname and self._check_hostname:
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py in wrap_socket(self, sock, server_side, do_handshake_on_connect, suppress_ragged_eofs, server_hostname, session)
400 server_hostname=server_hostname,
--> 401 _context=self, _session=session)
402
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py in __init__(self, sock, keyfile, certfile, server_side, cert_reqs, ssl_version, ca_certs, do_handshake_on_connect, family, type, proto, fileno, suppress_ragged_eofs, npn_protocols, ciphers, server_hostname, _context, _session)
807 raise ValueError("do_handshake_on_connect should not be specified for non-blocking sockets")
--> 808 self.do_handshake()
809
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py in do_handshake(self, block)
1060 self.settimeout(None)
-> 1061 self._sslobj.do_handshake()
1062 finally:
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/ssl.py in do_handshake(self)
682 """Start the SSL/TLS handshake."""
--> 683 self._sslobj.do_handshake()
684 if self.context.check_hostname:
SSLError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:749)
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
URLError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-18-dc07bc139b51> in <module>()
1 print('The scikit-learn version is {}.'.format(sklearn.__version__))
2 from sklearn.datasets import fetch_california_housing
----> 3 housing = fetch_california_housing()
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sklearn/datasets/california_housing.py in fetch_california_housing(data_home, download_if_missing)
99 ARCHIVE.url, data_home))
100
--> 101 archive_path = _fetch_remote(ARCHIVE, dirname=data_home)
102
103 with tarfile.open(mode="r:gz", name=archive_path) as f:
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sklearn/datasets/base.py in _fetch_remote(remote, dirname)
872 file_path = (remote.filename if dirname is None
873 else join(dirname, remote.filename))
--> 874 urlretrieve(remote.url, file_path)
875 checksum = _sha256(file_path)
876 if remote.checksum != checksum:
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py in urlretrieve(url, filename, reporthook, data)
246 url_type, path = splittype(url)
247
--> 248 with contextlib.closing(urlopen(url, data)) as fp:
249 headers = fp.info()
250
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py in urlopen(url, data, timeout, cafile, capath, cadefault, context)
221 else:
222 opener = _opener
--> 223 return opener.open(url, data, timeout)
224
225 def install_opener(opener):
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py in open(self, fullurl, data, timeout)
524 req = meth(req)
525
--> 526 response = self._open(req, data)
527
528 # post-process response
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py in _open(self, req, data)
542 protocol = req.type
543 result = self._call_chain(self.handle_open, protocol, protocol +
--> 544 '_open', req)
545 if result:
546 return result
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py in _call_chain(self, chain, kind, meth_name, *args)
502 for handler in handlers:
503 func = getattr(handler, meth_name)
--> 504 result = func(*args)
505 if result is not None:
506 return result
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py in https_open(self, req)
1359 def https_open(self, req):
1360 return self.do_open(http.client.HTTPSConnection, req,
-> 1361 context=self._context, check_hostname=self._check_hostname)
1362
1363 https_request = AbstractHTTPHandler.do_request_
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/urllib/request.py in do_open(self, http_class, req, **http_conn_args)
1318 encode_chunked=req.has_header('Transfer-encoding'))
1319 except OSError as err: # timeout error
-> 1320 raise URLError(err)
1321 r = h.getresponse()
1322 except:
URLError: <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:749)>
好吧,我希望这只是暂时的……这仍然是一个问题吗?
嗨 Jnothman
我在星期五第一次注意到这个问题。 我仍然遇到同样的错误
网址错误: 亲切的问候 安迪
我没有那个问题。 你确定你没有设置你的时钟吗
不正确还是什么?
嗨 Jnothman
我正在使用 mac book pro。 看来我电脑上显示的时间可能是正确的。 我刚刚再次运行代码并收到相同的错误
知道如何检查我的时钟是否设置正确吗?
安迪
我忘了提。 我没有查看代码,但我敢打赌,如果您已经将数据集下载到本地磁盘,它实际上从未获取过,所以也许这就是它为您工作的原因
很奇怪,我当然无法重现,并且我确保我从~/scikit_learn_data
中删除了 cal_housing 数据,所以这在 scikit-learn 中似乎不是问题。 我将关闭这个, @AEDWIP请提供更多信息,以防你设法解决你的问题。
我遇到了类似的问题 - Mac Book Pro,High Sierra。
不是 SSL 证书方面的专家,但我认为这与我上面提到的 scikit-learn 无关。
您是否收到与此代码段相同的错误?
from six.moves.urllib.request import urlretrieve
urlretrieve('https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/5976036')
啊!
我发现了问题。 mac 上的 python 3.6 需要安装后步骤
$ less /Applications/Python\ 3.6/ReadMe.rtf
“ 与以前的版本不同,不再使用 Apple 提供的已弃用 OpenSSL 库。这也意味着系统和用户钥匙串中由 Keychain Access 应用程序和安全命令行实用程序管理的信任证书不再用作默认值”
解决方案是
$ sudo /Applications/Python\ 3.6/Install\ Certificates.command
我在 Ubuntu 16.04 上对 python 3.6 有同样的问题
在这里找到解决方案:http: //blog.pengyifan.com/how-to-fix-python-ssl-certificate_verify_failed/
import os, ssl
if (not os.environ.get('PYTHONHTTPSVERIFY', '') and
getattr(ssl, '_create_unverified_context', None)):
ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context
谢谢,来自 nfrik 的代码有效
最有用的评论
啊!
我发现了问题。 mac 上的 python 3.6 需要安装后步骤
$ less /Applications/Python\ 3.6/ReadMe.rtf
“ 与以前的版本不同,不再使用 Apple 提供的已弃用 OpenSSL 库。这也意味着系统和用户钥匙串中由 Keychain Access 应用程序和安全命令行实用程序管理的信任证书不再用作默认值”
解决方案是
$ sudo /Applications/Python\ 3.6/Install\ Certificates.command